A self-adhesive label is a layered structure consisting of a face material, adhesive, and a backing or release liner. Each of these components plays a crucial role in the functionality and usability of the label.
Face Material
The face material is the outer part of the label, which can be seen and touched. It is the part of the label that carries the printed information and, as such, must be compatible with the chosen printing technique. The face material can be made from a variety of materials including paper, plastic, film, metal foil, fabric, or laminates. The choice of face material depends on factors such as the desired appearance, cost, durability, printability, and environmental considerations. Some face materials are also treated with special coatings or finishes to improve their printability or to achieve specific aesthetic or functional effects.
Adhesive
The adhesive layer is the glue that makes the label stick to the surface. The adhesive is pressure-sensitive, which means it adheres to surfaces upon brief application of pressure. It is typically designed to stick at room temperature, although some special types of adhesives may require heat or other conditions to adhere.
The choice of adhesive depends on factors such as the nature of the surface to which the label will be applied, the expected conditions (such as temperature or humidity), the desired permanence of the label, and the application method. The types of adhesives used in self-adhesive labels can generally be classified as permanent, removable, or repositionable.
- Permanent Adhesives: These are designed to form a strong, lasting bond with the surface. Once applied, the label cannot be removed without causing damage to the label or the surface.
- Removable Adhesives: These are designed to allow the label to be removed from the surface without leaving any residue or causing any damage.
- Repositionable Adhesives: These allow the label to be removed and reapplied to the same or another surface without losing its adhesive properties.
Backing or Release Liner
The backing, also known as the release liner, is a carrier sheet that protects the adhesive until the label is ready to be applied. The release liner is typically made from paper or plastic film that is coated on one side with a release agent. The release agent ensures that the label can be easily peeled off from the liner when it is ready to be applied. The choice of release liner material and release agent depends on factors such as the nature of the adhesive, the application method, and the desired ease of removal.
In summary, the structure of self-adhesive labels is a careful assembly of face material, adhesive, and release liner, each with specific characteristics chosen based on the intended use and application of the label. The construction of these labels requires a thorough understanding of materials science and adhesive technology, as well as careful control of the manufacturing process to ensure the desired performance of the finished labels.
